' That's one small step for man, one GIANT leap for mankind.'

Typography in design (flux presentation)

Graphic design has progressed using a lot more type in its work often replacing images or illustrations, or sometimes being used as the illustrations. Rather than type just being letters that communicate the words it has turned into a more aesthetic part of design. Depending on size layout and font the type can be deceived differently, society have picked up on this as more typefaces and designs evolved. Here are some examples of type based work ranging from logos,cd covers, magazines, boards, posters, business cards and street art.

Street art has also evolved. Graffiti is quite a modern urban art form that society doesn’t always agree with. You could say that Egyptian hieroglyphics and symbols could be compared with it, perhaps an influence on todays street art.

Timeline (flux presentation)

Timeline for Print

o 618AD = first printing is done in China by T’ang Dynasty using ink on carved wood blocks to transfer image on to paper
o 1241 = Koreans use movable type to create books
o 1309 = first paper made in Europe
o 1338 = France opens its first paper mill
o 1390 = Germany opens its first paper mill
o 1423 = Block printing used to print books in Europe
o 1452 = Metal plates used for printing in Europe
o 1456 = Johann Gutenberg prints the Holy Bible
o 1457 – Fust and Schoeffer create first color prints
o 1476 = William Caxton uses Gutenberg press in England
o 1495 = England opens its first paper mill
o 1501 = Italic type is first used
o 1605 = First newspaper published in Germany
o 1611 = King James Bible is printed
o 1691 = Americans open their first paper mill
o 1702 = Jakob Le Blon invents multi-color engraving in Germany
o 1800 = first iron printing presses
o 1829 = Louis Braille invents embossed (raised) printing
o 1841 = Type composing machine invented
o 1844 = Electrotyping invented
o 1846 = Richard Hoe invents cylinder press, running at 8,000 sheets/hour
o 1863 = William Bullock invents rotary web-fed press
o 1865 = Web offset press that prints on both sides of paper is invented
o 1886 = Ottmar Mergenthaler invents linotype composing machine
o 1870 = Paper is produced from wood pulp
o 1890 = First mimeograph machine
o 1892 = First 4 color rotary press
o 1960s = invention of photocopier and laser printer

Development in typography (flux presentation)

The development in typography is due to advancements in technology. For one, print methods have advanced. This makes it easier to print more intricate fonts, and it also allows you more room for experimentation. Before, you had to decide what font you wanted at what size before you could do pretty much anything. Now, things are so cheap/easy to print that you have experiment and try different font types, colours, sizes, arrangements...

This may not always be a positive because of the ease of finding typefaces, some people have become very lax with their consideration of typography; this results in some of the crap we see in magazines and so forth. We don't have to make our own typefaces anymore, so some become lazy.

Examples of how type progressed

·       typesetting and type design

·       handwriting and calligraphy

·       graffiti

·       inscriptional and architectural lettering

·       poster design and other large scale lettering such as signage and billboards

·       business communications and promotional collateral

·       advertising

·       word marks and typographic logos

·       apparel- clothing

·       labels on maps

·       vehicle instrument panels

·       kinetic typography in motion picture frames and television

·       as a component of industrial design—type on household appliances, pens and wristwatches, for example

Since digitization, typography has spread to a wider range of applications, appearing on web pages, lcd mobile phone screens, and hand-held video games. The ubiquity of type has led typographers to coin the phrase "Type is everywhere".

Traditional typography follows four principles: repetition, contrast, proximity, and alignment.

Technology and its effects on print culture (flux presentation)

Changes in technology and its effect on print culture

There are more online publications, journals, newspapers, magazines and businesses than ever before. While this brings society closer, and makes publications more convenient and accessible, ordering a product online reduces contact with others. Many online articles are anonymous. Anyone can post articles and journals online anonymously. In effect, the individual becomes separated from the rest of society.

Three main shifts in print

·       spoken language to the written word,

·       the written word to Printing press,

·       the printing press to the computer/internet.

The written word has made history recordable and accurate. The printing press, some may argue, is not a part of print culture, but had a substantial impact upon the development of print culture through the times. The printing press brought uniform copies and efficiency in print. It allowed a person to make a living from writing. Most importantly, it spread print throughout society.

The advances made by technology in print also impact anyone using cell phones, laptops, and personal digital organizers. From novels being delivered via a cell phone, the ability to text message and send letters via e-mail clients, to having entire libraries stored on PDAs, print is being influenced by devices.

 Non-textual forms of print culture,symbols, logos and printed images are forms of printed media that do not rely on text. They are ubiquitous in modern urban life. Analyzing these cultural products is an important part of the field of cultural studies. Print has given rise to a wider distribution of pictures in society in conjunction with the printed word. Incorporation of printed pictures in magazines, newspapers, and books gave printed material a wider mass appeal through the ease of visual communication. Another product of non-textual print are roadside symbols, some of which incorporate printed words with eye-catching shapes and colors. This is a merging of pre-print symbolism with post-print linguistic communication.

Research for Flux Presentation

Branding

Branding is vitally important to success. A well-planned and organized marketing strategy introduces the product or the name of a company to consumers. The method in which to market – advertise – is very important. Marketing to the right consumer group is also very important. To reach people who are not only willing but also, able to buy and have a need for the product or service. Approach them consistently until they recognize the brand and make a purchase or become a client. Keep the brand visible, when there are changes or innovations, advertise them. Keep customers and clients informed.

Recognition: Ideally, a brand wants  to be a household word, trusted and relied on.

Value: once it has gained the interest of the consumer and they have become a customer or client, it needs to give them value. The product should be well made and realistically priced. It should be and do what it is advertised to be and do.

Trust: if a customer has a disappointing experience with a product the problem should be corrected. Repair the product, replace it or give a refund. If a service is not reliable, the client will not be likely to return. Having trust in your brand will retain your client’s loyalty to it.

Innovation: being aware of changes in the market. Branding will need to change as society changes. Brands of computer software are always changing trying to keep up with new technologies coming out or with changes that happen in society.

The way branding is advertised has changed massively over the years from being in magazines, newspapers, billboards to being on the internet, television, apps etc.. now most people these days have the latest phones, ipads etc.. branding is so easily accessed even without noticing.